@9TNKJ9H

Social › Abortion

What is your stance on abortion?

9>9 Personal answerPro-choice, and providing birth control, sex education, and more social services will help reduce the number of abortions

Housing › Foreign Real Estate Investment

Should the government restrict the purchase of residential properties by foreign investors?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Healthcare › Mental Health

Should the government increase funding for mental health research and treatment?

9>9 Personal answerYes, our mental healthcare system needs more funding to provide a higher quality of care and services

Domestic Policy › Armed Teachers

Should teachers be allowed to carry guns at school?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Housing › Affordable Housing

Should the government incentivize the construction of affordable housing?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Social › LGBT Adoption Rights

Should gay couples have the same adoption rights as straight couples?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Healthcare › Prescription Drugs

Should prescription drugs be covered under Canada’s universal healthcare plan?

9>9 Personal answerYes, cover the overall prescription costs but have the patient pay the pharmacy dispensing costs

Social › Gay Marriage

Do you support the legalization of same sex marriage?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Healthcare › Mental Health Funding

Should the government increase funding for mental health initiatives?

9>9 Personal answerYes, and increase funding for research into the causes of mental illness

Social › Gender Transition

Should people under the age of 18 years old be able to receive gender-transition treatments?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but only if they are at least 16 years old

Healthcare › Healthcare Funding

Should the federal government increase spending on healthcare?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Social › Gender Identity

Should “gender identity” be added to anti-discrimination laws?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Taxes

Should Canada raise taxes on the rich?

9>9 Personal answerYes, through higher capital gains taxes and an inheritance tax on assets above 10 million dollars.

Housing › Rent Control

Should the government implement rent control policies to limit the amount landlords can charge for rent?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Education › University Tuition

Should the federal government put a cap on university tuition rates?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Social › Hate Speech

Should hate speech be protected by freedom of speech laws?

9>9 Personal answerNo, and increase penalties for hate speech

Crime › Criminal Justice Use of AI

Should AI be used to make decisions in criminal justice systems?

9>9 Personal answerNo, and AI should never be used to make decisions that will drastically affect lives

Healthcare › Dental Coverage

Should preventative dental care be covered under Canada’s universal healthcare plan?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but only for those not insured privately through their employer

the Economy › Minimum Wage

Should the government raise the federal minimum wage?

9>9 Personal answerYes, and adjust it every year according to inflation

Social › Euthanasia

Should terminally ill patients be allowed to end their lives via assisted suicide?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Healthcare › Single-Payer Healthcare

Do you support a single-payer healthcare system?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Universal Basic Income

Do you support a universal basic income program?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Domestic Policy › Gun Control

Should there be more restrictions on the current process of purchasing a gun?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Immigration › Deporting Criminal Immigrants

Should immigrants be deported if they commit a serious crime?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Corporate Tax

Should Canada raise or lower the tax rate for corporations?

9>9 Personal answerKeep current rates but eliminate deductions and loop holes

Education › International Students

Should low income international students be provided with a free education?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but only through scholarships

the Environment › Environmental Regulation

Should the government increase environmental regulations on businesses to reduce carbon emissions?

9>9 Personal answerYes, and provide more incentives for alternative energy production

Healthcare › Healthcare Privatization

Should there be more or less privatization of hospital and healthcare services?

9>9 Personal answerLess, and there should be no privatization of the healthcare industry

the Environment › Logging

Should Canada allow the logging of old growth forests?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Social › Death Penalty

Do you support the death penalty?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Social › Transgender Athletes

Should transgender athletes be allowed to compete against athletes that differ from their assigned sex at birth?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but only if their hormone levels are equivalent to those in the gender category in which they compete

Social › Niqāb

Should women be allowed to wear a Niqāb, or face veil, to civic ceremonies?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Domestic Policy › Social Media Regulation

Should the government regulate social media sites, as a means to prevent fake news and misinformation?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Crime › Private Prisons

Should the government hire private companies to run prisons?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Immigration › Immigration

Should the government enact a stricter immigration policy?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but only for temporary foreign workers and international students

Housing › First-time Homebuyer Subsidies

Should the government provide subsidies for first-time homebuyers?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Healthcare › Healthcare

Should healthcare be a provincial or federal responsibility?

9>9 Personal answerProvincial, but with federal funding and regulated standards

Domestic Policy › Net Neutrality

Should internet service providers be allowed to speed up access to popular websites (that pay higher rates) at the expense of slowing down access to less popular websites (that pay lower rates)?

9>9 Personal answerNo, this would allow them to remove competition, create artificial scarcity, and increase prices

Education › Student Loan Debt

Should the government forgive up to $20,000 of student loan debt?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Foreign Policy › Foreign Elections

Should the government attempt to influence foreign elections?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Social › Women in Combat

Should the military allow women to serve in combat roles?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Technology › Data Privacy

Should the government impose stricter regulations on the collection and use of personal data by companies?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Universal Child Care

Should the federal government subsidize universal child care?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Environment › Renewable Energy

Should the federal government subsidize the production and consumption of renewable energy sources?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Domestic Policy › Native Funding

Should Canadian aboriginals receive more government funds?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Immigration › High Risk Immigrant Ban

Should immigrants from high risk countries be banned from entering the country until the government improves its ability to screen out potential terrorists?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Foreign Policy › United Nations

Should Canada maintain a presence at the United Nations?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Crime › Drug Trafficking Penalties

Should drug traffickers receive the death penalty?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Domestic Policy › Drug Policy

Are you in favor of decriminalizing drug use?

9>9 Personal answerYes, decriminalize personal consumption but outlaw all public use

Healthcare › Safe Haven

Should cities open drug “safe havens” where people who are addicted to illegal drugs can use them under the supervision of medical professionals?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Elections › Criminal Politicians

Should a politician, who has been formerly convicted of a crime, be allowed to run for office?

9>9 Personal answerYes, as long as it was not a felony, violent, financial, or sexual crime

Elections › Campaign Finance

Should there be a limit to the amount of money a candidate can receive from a donor?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Welfare Drug Testing

Should welfare recipients be tested for drugs?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Housing › Foreign Owned Homes

Should foreigners be banned from buying homes in Canada for 2 years?

9>9 Personal answerYes, indefinitely

the Environment › Freshwater Research

Should the government spend $1 billion on freshwater research to restore and protect large lakes and rivers?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Environment › Plastic Product Ban

Should disposable products (such as plastic cups, plates, and cutlery) that contain less than 50% of biodegradable material be banned?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Elections › Electoral Reform

Should Canada switch to a proportional representation voting system?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Housing › Homeless Encampments

Should homeless individuals, that have refused available shelter or housing, be allowed to sleep or encamp on public property?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but only because the current shelter being offered is often unsafe and unsanitary, particularly for women and vulnerable individuals

Domestic Policy › Commuter Rail

Should the federal government invest in urban, commuter rail infrastructure?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Housing › Affordable Housing

Should the government subsidize the building of 1.4 million new homes over the next four years?

9>9 Personal answerYes, and it should be much higher

Healthcare › Marijuana

Do you support the legalization of Marijuana?

9>9 Personal answerYes, and immediately release anyone serving time solely for drug offenses

Domestic Policy › Whistleblower Protection

Should the government pass laws which protect whistleblowers?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Labor Unions

Do you believe labor unions help or hurt the economy?

9>9 Personal answerHelp

Crime › Parole Hearings

Should prisoners serving life sentences for first degree murder be eligible for a parole hearing after 15 years?

9>9 Personal answerYes, provided a strict psychological evaluation shows they are no longer a threat to society

Foreign Policy › Gaza ceasefire

Do you support the government calling for a permanent ceasefire in Gaza?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Foreign Policy › Ukrainian Defense Funding

Should Canada provide military supplies and funding to Ukraine?

9>9 Personal answerYes, and increase the current amount of resources we are providing

Housing › Homeless Shelters

Should the government increase funding for homeless shelters and services?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Transportation › GPS Vehicle Tracking

Should the government enforce mandatory GPS tracking in all vehicles to monitor driving behavior and improve road safety?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Social › Teacher and Faculty Diversity Training

Should schools be allowed to require mandatory diversity training for teachers and faculty?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Elections › Campaign Finance

Should corporations, unions, and non-profit organizations be allowed to donate to political parties?

9>9 Personal answerNo, but allow donations from unions and non-profits

the Economy › Economic Stimulus

Should the government use economic stimulus to aid the country during times of recession?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but in the form of assisting sectors most heavily hit by the recession

Crime › Demilitarize the Police

Should police departments be allowed to use military grade equipment?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but with strict training on how and when to use the equipment

Housing › Home Buyer Incentives

Should the government subsidize home buyers who make less than $120K per year?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Crime › Defunding the Police

Should funding for local police departments be redirected to social and community based programs?

9>9 Personal answerNo

the Environment › Local Environmental Guidelines

Should local governments follow environmental guidelines set by the United Nations?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Domestic Policy › Quebec Sovereignty

Should Quebec be granted sovereignty from the rest of Canada?

9>9 Personal answerLet the citizens of Quebec vote on it

the Economy › Welfare

Should there be fewer or more restrictions on current welfare benefits?

9>9 Personal answerNo changes needed

Elections › Minimum Voting Age

Should the minimum voting age be lowered?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Foreign Policy › Israeli Palestinian Conflict

Which side of the Israeli Palestinian conflict do you sympathize with more?

9>9 Personal answerPalestine

Foreign Policy › Weapon Sales Ethics

Should there be restrictions on government arms sales to countries accused of committing human rights violations?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Transportation › Transportation Accessibility for People with Disabilities

Should the government require public transportation systems to be fully accessible to people with disabilities?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but certain existing stations may be exempt

Technology › Ethical Artificial Intelligence

Should the government regulate artificial intelligence (AI) to ensure ethical use?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Foreign Policy › Netanyahu Leadership

Should the government continue to support Benjamin Netanyahu’s leadership of the Israeli government?

9>9 Personal answerNo, but it shouldn't actively try to undermine it either

Housing › High density residential buildings

Should the government incentivize the construction of high density residential buildings?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Government Spending

Should the government make cuts to public spending in order to reduce the national debt?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Domestic Policy › Worker Strikes

Should government workers be allowed to strike?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Immigration › Temporary Foreign Workers

Should the government increase or decrease the amount of temporary foreign workers allowed into Canada?

9>9 Personal answerDecrease

Domestic Policy › National Daycare

Do you support a national daycare policy?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Elections › Political Party Subsidies

Should political parties receive money from the government?

9>9 Personal answerYes, and funding should be proportional to the amount of votes they receive

the Environment › Genetically Modified Foods

Do you support the use of genetically engineered crops and foods?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Domestic Jobs

Should the government provide tax incentives to private companies to keep jobs within the country?

9>9 Personal answerNo, but drastically increase taxes and import tariffs on outsourcing businesses

the Economy › Small Business Funding

Should the government increase funding for small businesses?

9>9 Personal answerNo, but decrease taxes for small businesses and encourage entrepreneurship

Science › Nuclear Energy

Do you support the use of nuclear energy?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Elections › Candidate Transparency

Should political candidates be required to release their recent tax returns to the public?

9>9 Personal answerYes

National Security › Facial Recognition

Should the government use facial recognition technology for mass surveillance to enhance public safety?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Science › Genetic Engineering

Should the government fund research into genetic engineering for disease prevention and treatment?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Social › Frozen Embryos Legal Status

Should frozen embryos be considered children?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Foreign Policy › Ukraine and Nato

Should Ukraine join NATO?

9>9 Personal answerYes, as soon as it is able to do so

Foreign Policy › Foreign Aid

Should Canada increase or decrease foreign aid spending?

9>9 Personal answerI am satisfied with the current amount of spending

Domestic Policy › Drug Policy

Should nonviolent drug offenders be given mandatory jail sentences?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Domestic Policy › Flag Burning

Should it be illegal to burn the Canadian flag?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Education › Postsecondary Education

Should postsecondary education be a provincial or federal responsibility?

9>9 Personal answerProvincially managed but with federal standards to ensure consistency

Transportation › Electric Vehicle Mandates

Should the government require all new cars to be electric or hybrid by a certain date?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Transportation › Public Transportation

Should the government increase spending on public transportation?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Surcharge Ban

Should the government ban surcharges tacked onto concert tickets, cable bills, banking services, hotel bookings and other purchases?

9>9 Personal answerYes, all costs for a service should be included in the final purchase price

Immigration › Dual Citizenship

Should immigrants to Canada be allowed to hold dual citizenship status?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Foreign Policy › Bill C-51

Do you support Bill C-51, which expands local police and intelligence agencies’ authority to prevent terrorism?

9>9 Personal answerNo, the bill is too vague on the issues of scope, oversight, and accountability

Foreign Policy › Military Spending

Should the government increase or decrease military spending?

9>9 Personal answerIncrease

Crime › Restorative Justice Programs

Should the government implement restorative justice programs as an alternative to incarceration?

9>9 Personal answerNo, provide restorative justice programs in addition to incarceration, not as an alternative

the Economy › NAFTA

Should Canada continue to participate in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Healthcare › World Health Organization

Should the government fund the World Health Organization?

9>9 Personal answerYes, and increase the amount

Healthcare › Medical Consensus

Should medical boards penalize doctors who give health advice that contradicts contemporary scientific consensus?

9>9 Personal answerYes, if that health advice has the potential to do harm to do the patient

Crime › Criminal Voting Rights

Should convicted criminals have the right to vote?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Offshore Banking

Should Canadian citizens be allowed to save or invest their money in offshore bank accounts?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Science › Lab Grown Meat

Should the government allow the commercialization of lab-grown meat?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Foreign Policy › Two State Solution for Israel and Palestine

Do you support a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Transportation › Green Transportation

Should all public buses and trains run on electric power?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but allow for a slower phased-in process

Domestic Policy › CBC Funding

Should the government increase funding to the CBC (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation)?

9>9 Personal answerNo

the Economy › Private Equity Compensation

Should the government increase taxes on private equity executives?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Transportation › Fuel Efficiency Requirements

Should the government impose stricter fuel efficiency standards on vehicles?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Domestic Policy › Political Advertising on Social Media

Should social media companies ban political advertising?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Domestic Policy › Senate

Should the federal government elect or abolish the Senate?

9>9 Personal answerLeave as is

the Economy › Employment Insurance

Should employment insurance be given to those who work seasonal jobs including tourism, fishery and farming?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Crime › Prison Overcrowding

Should non-violent prisoners be released from jail in order to reduce overcrowding?

9>9 Personal answerNo, but we should increase funding to offer education and skill building services for prisoners

Transportation › High Speed Rail

Should the government provide subsidies for the development of high-speed rail networks?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › Pension Premiums

Should the employee contribution rate for the Canadian Pension Plan (CPP) be raised above its current 4.49% rate?

9>9 Personal answerNo

the Environment › Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

Should the government build a network of electric vehicle charging stations?

9>9 Personal answerYes

National Security › National Identification System

Should the government implement a national identification system to enhance security and prevent fraud?

9>9 Personal answerYes

the Economy › State Ownership

Should the government acquire equity stakes in companies it bails out during a recession?

9>9 Personal answerYes, the government should receive equity for any financial aid they provide to companies

the Environment › Carbon Capture Subsidies

Should the government provide subsidies for companies developing carbon capture technologies?

9>9 Personal answerNo, provide subsidies to renewable energy companies instead

Transportation › Bicycles and Bike Lanes

Should the government promote the use of bicycles by expanding bike lanes and bike-sharing programs?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Education › Charter Schools

Do you support independent schools?

9>9 Personal answerNo, we should focus on improving our public schools and increasing teacher wages instead

Science › CRISPR Technology

Should the government regulate the use of CRISPR technology for human genetic modifications?

9>9 Personal answerYes

National Security › Backdoor Access to Encrypted Communications

Should the government require tech companies to provide backdoor access to encrypted communications for national security purposes?

9>9 Personal answerYes

National Security › Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Defense

Should the government invest in artificial intelligence (AI) for defense applications?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but it should be discouraged

Housing › Foreclosure Assistance

Should the government provide assistance to homeowners facing foreclosure?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Foreign Policy › Saudi Arabia and Iran

Should the government support peace talks between Saudi Arabia and Iran?

9>9 Personal answerYes, we should always promote diplomatic peace talks during foreign conflicts

the Economy › Decentralized Finance

Should the technology of our financial system transition to a decentralized protocol, that is not owned or controlled by any corporation, similar to the internet?

9>9 Personal answerYes, but I would prefer if the protocol was created and secured by a government agency instead of a decentralized protocol

Domestic Policy › Long Form Census

Should the government reinstate the long form mandatory census?

9>9 Personal answerYes, the information is vital for economists, scientists, statisticians, and the government to accurately make important policy decisions

Technology › Self Hosted Digital Wallets

Should citizens be allowed to secure their money in self-hosted digital wallets that the government can monitor but not control?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Technology › Social Media Regulation

Should the government mandate that large tech companies share their algorithms with regulators?

9>9 Personal answerYes

National Security › Cross-border Payments

Should the government ban its citizens from using cross-border payment methods (like crypto) to send money to relatives in OFAC sanctioned countries (Palestine, Iran, Cuba, Venezuela, Russia, and North Korea)?

9>9 Personal answerNo

the Economy › Stock Buybacks

Should the government tax stock buybacks?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Domestic Policy › Copyright

Should the government allow digital publishers to place locks on their content (MP3s, etc)?

9>9 Personal answerNo

Technology › Cryptocurrencies

Should the government implement stricter regulations on the use of cryptocurrencies?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Transportation › Commercial Drones

Should the government permit the use of drones for commercial purposes?

9>9 Personal answerYes

Foreign Policy › Venezuela Sanctions

Should the government lift sanctions on the Venezuelan government?

9>9 Personal answerNo

@9TNKJ9H

Answers

Topics

What is your stance on abortion?

Should the government restrict the purchase of residential properties by foreign investors?

Should the government increase funding for mental health research and treatment?

Should teachers be allowed to carry guns at school?

Should the government incentivize the construction of affordable housing?

Should gay couples have the same adoption rights as straight couples?

Should prescription drugs be covered under Canada’s universal healthcare plan?

Do you support the legalization of same sex marriage?

Should the government increase funding for mental health initiatives?

Should people under the age of 18 years old be able to receive gender-transition treatments?

Should the federal government increase spending on healthcare?

Should “gender identity” be added to anti-discrimination laws?

Should Canada raise taxes on the rich?

Should the government implement rent control policies to limit the amount landlords can charge for rent?

Should the federal government put a cap on university tuition rates?

Should hate speech be protected by freedom of speech laws?

Should AI be used to make decisions in criminal justice systems?

Should preventative dental care be covered under Canada’s universal healthcare plan?

Should the government raise the federal minimum wage?

Should terminally ill patients be allowed to end their lives via assisted suicide?

Do you support a single-payer healthcare system?

Do you support a universal basic income program?

Should there be more restrictions on the current process of purchasing a gun?

Should immigrants be deported if they commit a serious crime?

Should Canada raise or lower the tax rate for corporations?

Should low income international students be provided with a free education?

Should the government increase environmental regulations on businesses to reduce carbon emissions?

Should there be more or less privatization of hospital and healthcare services?

Should Canada allow the logging of old growth forests?

Do you support the death penalty?

Should transgender athletes be allowed to compete against athletes that differ from their assigned sex at birth?

Should women be allowed to wear a Niqāb, or face veil, to civic ceremonies?

Should the government regulate social media sites, as a means to prevent fake news and misinformation?

Should the government hire private companies to run prisons?

Should the government enact a stricter immigration policy?

Should the government provide subsidies for first-time homebuyers?

Should healthcare be a provincial or federal responsibility?

Should internet service providers be allowed to speed up access to popular websites (that pay higher rates) at the expense of slowing down access to less popular websites (that pay lower rates)?

Should the government forgive up to $20,000 of student loan debt?

Should the government attempt to influence foreign elections?

Should the military allow women to serve in combat roles?

Should the government impose stricter regulations on the collection and use of personal data by companies?

Should the federal government subsidize universal child care?

Should the federal government subsidize the production and consumption of renewable energy sources?

Should Canadian aboriginals receive more government funds?

Should immigrants from high risk countries be banned from entering the country until the government improves its ability to screen out potential terrorists?

Should Canada maintain a presence at the United Nations?

Should drug traffickers receive the death penalty?

Are you in favor of decriminalizing drug use?

Should cities open drug “safe havens” where people who are addicted to illegal drugs can use them under the supervision of medical professionals?

Should a politician, who has been formerly convicted of a crime, be allowed to run for office?

Should there be a limit to the amount of money a candidate can receive from a donor?

Should welfare recipients be tested for drugs?

Should foreigners be banned from buying homes in Canada for 2 years?

Should the government spend $1 billion on freshwater research to restore and protect large lakes and rivers?

Should disposable products (such as plastic cups, plates, and cutlery) that contain less than 50% of biodegradable material be banned?

Should Canada switch to a proportional representation voting system?

Should homeless individuals, that have refused available shelter or housing, be allowed to sleep or encamp on public property?

Should the federal government invest in urban, commuter rail infrastructure?

Should the government subsidize the building of 1.4 million new homes over the next four years?

Do you support the legalization of Marijuana?

Should the government pass laws which protect whistleblowers?

Do you believe labor unions help or hurt the economy?

Should prisoners serving life sentences for first degree murder be eligible for a parole hearing after 15 years?

Do you support the government calling for a permanent ceasefire in Gaza?

Should Canada provide military supplies and funding to Ukraine?

Should the government increase funding for homeless shelters and services?

Should the government enforce mandatory GPS tracking in all vehicles to monitor driving behavior and improve road safety?

Should schools be allowed to require mandatory diversity training for teachers and faculty?

Should corporations, unions, and non-profit organizations be allowed to donate to political parties?

Should the government use economic stimulus to aid the country during times of recession?

Should police departments be allowed to use military grade equipment?

Should the government subsidize home buyers who make less than $120K per year?

Should funding for local police departments be redirected to social and community based programs?

Should local governments follow environmental guidelines set by the United Nations?

Should Quebec be granted sovereignty from the rest of Canada?

Should there be fewer or more restrictions on current welfare benefits?