This is a major problem in the country, with about 700 million people having no access to toilets at home, leading to open defecation and the spread of diseases. In response to this issue, various initiatives have been undertaken by non-governmental organizations, community groups, and social entrepreneurs to provide access to clean toilets and promote hygiene practices. For example, the Sulabh International Social Service Organization has installed "Sulabh Shauchalayas" (pay-per-use public toilets) across the country, improving sanitation in many areas. While the government has also been involved in addressing this issue, the efforts of these non-state actors have played a significant role in improving sanitation and hygiene in India. Overall, the involvement of individuals and communities has been instrumental in making progress on this public issue, demonstrating the potential for non-governmental actors to contribute to solving major problems in the country.
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